Colony collapse disorder: A peril to apiculture

نویسندگان

چکیده

Apiculture has become a profitable profession due to the high economic importance of honey and various beehive products. Honeybees are tiny social insects that perform crucial function in agricultural field necessary for good yields. biological indicators environmental health. Unforeseen rapid decrease honeybee numbers characterized by departure honeybees from colonies accompanied total absence any dead bees hive surrounding inside it suggests condition called Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD). Pesticides, pathogens, other ecological stresses such as nutritional deficiency may add bee extinction or CCD. Besides this, exposure low-level radiofrequency microwave radiations mobile phones also have profound undesirable effects on honeybees. Research shown changes biology behaviour which includes some biomolecules concentration because radiation exposure. Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic (ELF- EMF ) affects honeybee`s immune system navigation activities. The induces emotional disturbance genetic disorders brood attributes decline breeding efficiency bees. present review is an attempt compile causes CCD discuss management practices be followed beekeepers avoid devastating loss them planet Earth.

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Applied and Natural Science

سال: 2022

ISSN: ['0974-9411', '2231-5209']

DOI: https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v14i3.3502